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The Giving of Orders
''The Giving of Orders'' is a 1926 essay by Mary Parker Follett.〔Follett, Mary Parker. "The giving of orders." Scientific foundations of business administration (1926): 29-37.〕 In it, she addresses issues of authority in business management, specifically how managers can gain influence over informal groups that naturally form in the workplace.〔Nohria, Nitin. "Mary Parker Follett’s view on power, the giving of orders, and authority: An alternative to hierarchy or a utopian ideology." Mary Parker Follett–Prophet of Management (1995): 154-62.〕 She found that people respond more to situations than to top-down orders and managers should give people the means and willingness to respond to given situations instead of merely giving orders: "My solution is to depersonalize the giving of orders, to unite all concerned in a study of the situation, to discover the law of the situation, and obey that."〔
==Contemporary context==
Follett's work came during the height of Frederick Taylor's Scientific Management movement, which advocated the "one right way" for tasks to be performed, and Max Weber's view that direct hierarchy was the best form of leadership for larger organizations. The Giving of Orders challenged both of these paradigms and presented an alternative to purely top-down hierarchy in management.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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